Symptoms and Causes of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common complication faced by people with diabetes. The condition damages the nerves of the peripheral nervous system, which essentially connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.

While it is difficult to pinpoint what causes this condition, multiple factors are at play. Understanding the symptoms and causes of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is crucial in detecting and treating the condition.

Symptoms:

The symptoms of diabetic peripheral neuropathy are varied and can differ from person to person. Some common symptoms include:

1. Numbness: lack of sensation in the feet or hand
2. Tingling or burning sensations
3. Sharp, jabbing pains
4. Difficulty with coordination
5. Muscle weakness
6. Feeling extreme sensitivity to touch or temperature
7. Reduced reflexes of the ankle

These signs are usually progressive. They start mild and can quickly escalate if left unattended. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is vital to seek medical attention immediately.

Causes:

The exact cause of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is still unknown, but diabetes is said to damage nerve fiber, leading to neuropathy. Other factors that influence the onset of the condition include:

1. High blood sugar levels: High blood sugar levels are the leading cause of nerve damage. It affects how our nerves conduct signals from our brain.
2. Autoimmune factors: Diabetes sometimes prompts the body’s immune system to attack healthy nerve tissues, leading to nerve damage.
3. Inflammation: Certain forms of neuropathy are associated with nerve inflammation caused by the immune system.
4. Poor control of blood pressure levels: High blood pressure levels are associated with an increased risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

However, not everyone with diabetes will develop diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The risk factors that influence the onset of this condition include:

1. Diabetes duration: The longer a person is living with diabetes, the higher the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
2. Smoking: People who smoke regularly have a higher risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
3. Weight: People who are overweight and/or obese have a higher risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
4. Age: The older a person gets, the higher the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
5. Genetics: Certain genes can predispose someone to neuropathy.

Treatment:

Although there is no cure for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, early intervention can manage the symptoms, slow down the progression, and even reverse the damage.

1. Controlled blood sugars: The single most effective way to reduce neuropathy’s progress is to manage blood sugar levels. Work with your doctor to keep your blood sugar levels within the target range that is suitable for you.
2. Medications: Certain drugs, such as antidepressants, anti-seizure medications, and pain-relieving medications, can help manage the symptoms associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
3. Exercise: Regular exercise can help improve blood flow and reduce neuropathy’s symptoms by increasing the oxygen supply to nerves.
4. Foot care: Proper foot care to prevent wounds and infections is crucial in managing and preventing complications that can arise when one has diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
5. Alternative treatments: Alternative therapies such as acupuncture, massage therapy, and physical therapy can help manage neuropathy symptoms by reducing stress.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a common condition that can lead to severe complications if left untreated. Understanding the symptoms and causes of this condition is crucial in early diagnosis and treatment. With the right treatment and management plan, diabetic peripheral neuropathy symptoms can be managed, slowing down the condition’s progression and reducing the likelihood of complications. If you have any of the symptoms mentioned above, seek medical attention to get a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. At FamilyFirst Primary Care, our healthcare professionals can help you manage diabetic peripheral neuropathy and reduce your risks of developing complications. Book an appointment with us today to get the help you need.